Trajan, 98-117. Sestertius (Orichalcum, 34 mm, 24.33 g, 6 h), Rome, 116-117. IMP CAES NER TRAIANO OPTIMO AVG GER DAC PARTHICO P M TR P COS VI P P Laureate and draped bust of Trajan to right, seen from behind. Rev. ARMENIA ET MESOPOTAMIA IN POTESTATEM P R REDACTAE / S - C Trajan, laureate and in military attire, standing right, holding reversed spear in his right hand and parazonium in his left; before, Armenia seated left, head turned to right; to left and right, Tigris and Euphrates reclining right and left, each holding reed and leaning on inverted urn from which water flows. BMC 1035. Cohen 39. RIC 642. Woytek 590v. Light deposits and minor traces of corrosion and with very light doubling on the reverse, otherwise, very fine.


Apostolo Zeno (1668-1750) was a Venetian librettist and humanist who worked as poet laureate in Vienna in 1715-1729, where he also curated the imperial coin collection of the Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI (1685-1740). His collection was preserved for more than two-hundred years, until eventually being sold by Dorotheum in 1955, thus forming one of the oldest and most celebrated pedigrees in ancient numismatics

As for the coin, this sestertius celebrates Trajan's victories in the years 114-116, during the course of which the emperor moved into Armenia, where Parthamsiris, a Parthian-backed pretender to the Armenian throne, was killed under suspicious circumstances. Following the conquest of Armenia, the Romans then moved into Mesopotamia and captured the Parthian capital of Ktesiphon before advancing to the Persian Gulf - the easternmost point any Roman general had ever reached at that point. However, increased Parthian resistance and a large-scale revolt by Jewish communities in Kyrenaika, Egypt, Cyprus and Mesopotamia drained Roman power and Trajan retreated to Cilicia in 117, where he died, exhausted, shortly thereafter.